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Debt-Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR)

In corporate finance, the Debt-Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) is a measure of the cash flow available to pay current debt obligations. The ratio states net operating income as a multiple of debt obligations due within one year, including interest, principle, sinking-fund and lease payments.

In government finance, it is the amount of export earnings needed to meet annual interest and principal payments on a country’s external debts.

In personal finance, it is a ratio used by bank loan officers to determine income property loans.

A DSCR greater than 1 means the entity – whether a person, company or government – has sufficient income to pay its current debt obligations. A DSCR less than 1 means it does not.

Gross Domestic Product – GDP
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific time period. Though GDP is usually calculated on an annual basis, it can be calculated on a quarterly basis as well. GDP includes all private and public consumption, government outlays, investments and exports minus imports that occur within a defined territory. Put simply, GDP is a broad measurement of a nation’s overall economic activity.

Breaking It Down:
GDP is commonly used as an indicator of the economic health of a country, as well as a gauge of a country’s…

Trade Credit
DEFINITION OF ‘TRADE CREDIT’
A trade credit is an agreement where a customer can purchase goods on account (without paying cash), paying the supplier at a later date. Usually when the goods are delivered, a trade credit is given for a specific number of days – 30, 60 or 90. Jewelry businesses sometimes extend credit to 180 days or longer. Trade credit is essentially a credit a company gives to another for the purchase of goods and services.

Read more: Trade Credit Definition | Investopedia http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/trade-credi...

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‘Face with Tears of Joy’ – an emoji- was chosen 2015 ‘Word of the Year’ by Oxford Dictionaries on Tuesday, calling it this year’s most used emoji globally. For the first time, a pictograph was chosen over a traditional word, indicating its popularity among digital users. Oxford cited US leader Hillary Clinton seeking feedback through emojis to indicate its importance.
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Yield To Maturity (YTM)
DEFINITION OF ‘YIELD TO MATURITY (YTM)’
The total return anticipated on a bond if the bond is held until the end of its lifetime. Yield to maturity is considered a long-term bond yield, but is expressed as an annual rate. In other words, it is the internal rate of return of an investment in a bond if the investor holds the bond until maturity and if all payments are made as scheduled.

Read more: Yield To Maturity (YTM) Definition | Investopedia http://www.investopedia.com/terms/y/yieldtomatu...
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Ratio
DEFINITION OF ‘INTEREST COVERAGE RATIO’
A debt ratio and profitability ratio used to determine how easily a company can pay interest on outstanding debt. The interest coverage ratio may be calculated by dividing a company’s earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) during a given period by the amount a company must pay in interest on its debts during the same period.

The method for calculating interest coverage ratio may be represented with the following formula:

Interest Coverage Ratio

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi has said that pluralism is one of the many social strengths of India, in an article penned by him in the 30th edition special issue of ‘The Economist’ magazine. He has written, “There is a sense of great expectation from our government. Inevitably, some of these expectations run ahead of us.”
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Dividend Yield
DEFINITION OF ‘DIVIDEND YIELD’

A financial ratio that indicates how much a company pays out in dividends each year relative to its share price. Dividend yield is represented as a percentage and can be calculated by dividing the dollar value of dividends paid in a given year per share of stock held by the dollar value of one share of stock. The formula for calculating dividend yield may be represented as follows:

Dividend Yield

Yields for a current year are often estimated using the previous year’s dividend yield or by taking the latest quarterly yield, multiplying by 4 (adjusting for seasonality) and dividing by the current share price.

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Relative strength index

Used in technical analysis, it is a measure of the number of days a stock increases in value relative to the number of days it decreases in value. The rule of thumb is that values over 70 suggest overvaluation and hence selling where as values around 30 suggest undervaluation or buying. Of course, this indicator completely ignores all fundamental information about the firms prospects and, hence, is problematic to use as a stand-alone indicator for an investment strategy.

*Learn the sacred, 1,000-year-old meaning of the “X” *

Here’s a holiday surprise that only the dictionary can provide. Do you find the word “Xmas,” as an abbreviation for Christmas, offensive? Many people do.

You won’t find Xmas in church songbooks or even on many greeting cards. Xmas is popularly associated with a trend towards materialism, and sometimes the target of people who decry the emergence of general “holiday” observance instead of particular cultural and religious ritual.

But the history of the word “Xmas” is actually more respectable — and fascinating — than you might suspect. First of all, the abbreviation predates by centuries its use in gaudy advertisements. It was first used in the mid 1500s. X is the Greek letter “chi,” the initial letter in the word Χριστός. And here’s the kicker: Χριστός means “Christ.” X has been an acceptable representation of the word “Christ” for hundreds of years. This device is known as aChristogram. The mas in Xmas is the Old English word for “mass.” (The thought-provoking etymology of “mass” can be found here.) In the same vein, the dignified terms Xpian and Xtian have been used in place of the word “Christian.”
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Normal Distribution

The well known bell shaped curve. According to the Central Limit Theorem, the probability density function of a large number of independent, identically distributed random numbers will approach the normal distribution. In the fractal family of distributions, the normal distribution only exists when alpha equals 2, or the Hurst exponent equals 0.50. Thus, the normal distribution is a special case which in time series analysis is quite rare.

Normal Distribution

The well known bell shaped curve. According to the Central Limit Theorem, the probability density function of a large number of independent, identically distributed random numbers will approach the normal distribution. In the fractal family of distributions, the normal distribution only exists when alpha equals 2, or the Hurst exponent equals 0.50. Thus, the normal distribution is a special case which in time series analysis is quite rare.

option premium

The price one pays to buy an option contract, whether it is a call or a put, when one is the first buyer. That is, when the option is written, its first buyer pays the option premium.